Blockchain as an Enabler of Circular Supply Chains in the Food Industry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/503h4d23Keywords:
Circular Economy, Blockchain Technology, Supply Chain Management, Food Supply Chain, Sustainability.Abstract
Circular economy (CE) has become prevalent worldwide due to its economic and environmental benefits. More and more practitioners have deployed CE in supply chains to improve operational efficiency and sustainability. Thus, the integration of CE and supply chain has developed a new concept: circular supply chain (CSC). In particular, the CE model could remarkably reduce food waste within food supply chains (FSCs) and diminish the environmental impact from FSCs. Such a FSC that adopts CE principle is known as circular food supply chain (CFSC). However, lack of technical support for effective communication is a significant difficulty in developing CFSCs. Blockchain technology (BCT) could be the potential solution to this problem because of its decentralisation, public information sharing, high traceability and transparency, high security etc. Although many researchers have studied CFSCs in recent years, few studies investigate BCT as an impetus for CFSC development. Therefore, this research will fill this gap, focusing on the feasibility of BCT-based CFSCs, how BCT can establish CFSCs, and possible barriers. In addition, a few recommendations on developing BCT-based CFSCs will be provided.
Downloads
References
[1] United Nations Environment Programme. (2021). UNEP food waste index report 2021.
[2] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2011). Global food losses and food waste: Extent, causes and prevention.
[3] Blakeney, M. (2019). Food loss and food waste: Causes and solutions. Edward Elgar Publishing.
[4] Bhat, R., & Jõudu, I. (2019). Emerging issues and challenges in agri-food supply chain. In Sustainable food supply chains (pp. 23–37). Elsevier.
[5] Grizzetti, B., Pretato, U., Lassaletta, L., Billen, G., & Garnier, J. (2013). The contribution of food waste to global and European nitrogen pollution. Environmental Science & Policy, 33, 186–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2013.06.013
[6] Stevens, C. J. (2019). Nitrogen in the environment. Science, 363(6427), 578–580. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav0364
[7] Liu, X. J., Zhang, Y., Han, W., Tang, A., Shen, J., Cui, Z., et al. (2020). Environmental impacts of nitrogen emissions in China and the role of policies in emission reduction. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 378(2183), 20190324. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0324
[8] Scholz, K., Eriksson, M., & Strid, I. (2015). Carbon footprint of supermarket food waste. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 94, 56–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2014.11.006
[9] Dilkes-Hoffman, L. S., Lane, J. L., Grant, T., Pratt, S., Lant, P. A., & Laycock, B. (2018). Environmental impact of biodegradable food packaging when considering food waste. Journal of Cleaner Production, 180, 325–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.160
[10] Moult, J. A., Allan, S. R., Hewitt, C. N., & Berners-Lee, M. (2018). Greenhouse gas emissions of food waste disposal options for UK retailers. Food Policy, 77, 50–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2018.04.003
[11] Feldstein, S. (2017). Wasting biodiversity: Why food waste needs to be a conservation priority. Biodiversity, 18(2–3), 75–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/14888386.2017.1340603
[12] Read, Q. D., Hondula, K. L., & Muth, M. K. (2022). Biodiversity effects of food system sustainability actions from farm to fork. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(15), e2113884119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2113884119
[13] Lahane, S., Kant, R., & Shankar, R. (2020). Circular supply chain management: A state-of-art review and future opportunities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 258, 120859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120859
[14] Stahel, W. R. (2016). The circular economy. Nature, 531(7595), 435. https://doi.org/10.1038/531435a
[15] Morseletto, P. (2020). Targets for a circular economy. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 153, 104553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104553
[16] Korhonen, J., Honkasalo, A., & Seppälä, J. (2018). Circular economy: The concept and its limitations. Ecological Economics, 143, 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.06.041
[17] Sudusinghe, J. I., & Seuring, S. (2022). Supply chain collaboration and sustainability performance in circular economy: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Production Economics, 245, 108402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2021.108402
[18] Yaga, D., Mell, P., Roby, N., & Scarfone, K. (2018). Blockchain technology overview. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
[19] Zhong, P., Zhong, Q., Mi, H., Zhang, S., & Xiang, Y. (2019, June 10–13). Privacy-protected blockchain system. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Mobile Data Management (pp. 457–461). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/MDM.2019.00063
[20] Wu, H., Li, X., Chen, Y., Wang, L., & Zhang, J. (2019, July 29–August 1). Data management in supply chain using blockchain: Challenges and a case study. In 2019 International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (pp. 1–8). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2019.8847036
[21] Lohmer, J., Bugert, N., & Lasch, R. (2020). Analysis of resilience strategies and ripple effect in blockchain-coordinated supply chains: An agent-based simulation study. International Journal of Production Economics, 228, 107882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107882
[22] Kirchherr, J., Reike, D., & Hekkert, M. (2017). Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 127, 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.005
[23] Genovese, A., Acquaye, A. A., Figueroa, A., & Koh, S. C. L. (2017). Sustainable supply chain management and the transition towards a circular economy: Evidence and some applications. Omega, 66, 344–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2016.05.005
[24] Nasir, M. H. A., Genovese, A., Acquaye, A. A., Koh, S. C. L., & Yamoah, F. (2017). Comparing linear and circular supply chains: A case study from the construction industry. International Journal of Production Economics, 183, 443–457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.10.013
[25] De Angelis, R., Howard, M., & Miemczyk, J. (2018). Supply chain management and the circular economy: Towards the circular supply chain. Production Planning & Control, 29(6), 425–437. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2018.1436243
[26] Farooque, M., Zhang, A., Thürer, M., Qu, T., & Huisingh, D. (2019). Circular supply chain management: A definition and structured literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 228, 882–900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.230
[27] Dossa, A. A., Gough, A., Batista, L., & Mortimer, K. (2022). Diffusion of circular economy practices in the UK wheat food supply chain. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 25(3), 328–347. https://doi.org/10.1080/13675567.2021.1996432
[28] Dora, M. (2020). Collaboration in a circular economy: Learning from the farmers to reduce food waste. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 33(4), 769–789. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-08-2019-0248
[29] Del Giudice, M., Chierici, R., Mazzucchelli, A., & Fiano, F. (2021). Supply chain management in the era of circular economy: The moderating effect of big data. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 32(2), 337–356. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLM-04-2020-0163
[30] Baratsas, S. G., Pistikopoulos, E. N., & Avraamidou, S. (2021). A systems engineering framework for the optimization of food supply chains under circular economy considerations. Science of The Total Environment, 794, 148726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148726
[31] Vilariño, M. V., Franco, C., & Quarrington, C. (2017). Food loss and waste reduction as an integral part of a circular economy. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 5, 21. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2017.00021
[32] Cicatiello, C., Franco, S., Pancino, B., Blasi, E., & Falasconi, L. (2017). The dark side of retail food waste: Evidences from in-store data. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 125, 273–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.06.012
[33] Kusumowardani, N., Jajri, I., Susanto, A., & Suparno, O. (2022). A circular capability framework to address food waste and losses in the agri-food supply chain: The antecedents, principles and outcomes of circular economy. Journal of Business Research, 142, 17–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.01.030
[34] Eriksson, M., Ghosh, R., Mattsson, L., & Ismatov, A. (2017). Take-back agreements in the perspective of food waste generation at the supplier-retailer interface. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 122, 83–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.02.005
[35] Mangla, S. K., Börühan, G., Ersoy, P., Kazancoglu, Y., & Song, M. (2021). Impact of information hiding on circular food supply chains in business-to-business context. Journal of Business Research, 135, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.06.024
[36] Sharma, Y. K., Mangla, S. K., Patil, P. P., & Liu, S. (2019). When challenges impede the process: For circular economy-driven sustainability practices in food supply chain. Management Decision, 57(4), 995–1017. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-03-2018-0316
[37] Parfitt, J., Barthel, M., & Macnaughton, S. (2010). Food waste within food supply chains: Quantification and potential for change to 2050. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 365(1554), 3065–3081. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0126
[38] Hsiao, Y. H., Chen, M. C., & Chin, C. L. (2017). Distribution planning for perishable foods in cold chains with quality concerns: Formulation and solution procedure. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 61, 80–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2016.11.013
[39] Mondragon, A. E. C., Coronado, C. E., & Coronado, E. S. (2019, April 12–15). Investigating the applicability of distributed ledger/blockchain technology in manufacturing and perishable goods supply chains. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications (pp. 728–732). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIEA.2019.8824264
[40] Haji, M., Kerbache, L., Muhammad, M., & Al-Ansari, T. (2020). Roles of technology in improving perishable food supply chains. Logistics, 4(4), 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics4040033
[41] Yadav, J., Misra, M., & Goundar, S. (2020). An overview of food supply chain virtualisation and granular traceability using blockchain technology. International Journal of Blockchains and Cryptocurrencies, 1(2), 154–171. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBC.2020.111406
[42] Arunraj, N. S., Ahrens, D., Fernandes, M., & Müller, M. (2014, June). Time series sales forecasting to reduce food waste in retail industry. In The 34th International Symposium on Forecasting.
[43] de Moraes, C. C., de Oliveira Costa, F. H., Pereira, C. R., da Silva, A. L., & Delai, I. (2020). Retail food waste: Mapping causes and reduction practices. Journal of Cleaner Production, 256, 120124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120124
[44] Priefer, C., Jörissen, J., & Bräutigam, K. R. (2016). Food waste prevention in Europe – A cause-driven approach to identify the most relevant leverage points for action. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 109, 155–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.02.004
[45] Sridhar, A., Kapoor, A., Kumar, P. S., Ponnuchamy, M., Balasubramanian, S., & Prabhakar, S. (2021). Conversion of food waste to energy: A focus on sustainability and life cycle assessment. Fuel, 302, 121069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121069
[46] Arunraj, N. S., & Ahrens, D. (2015). A hybrid seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average and quantile regression for daily food sales forecasting. International Journal of Production Economics, 170, 321–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.09.012
[47] Gružauskas, V., Gimžauskienė, E., & Navickas, V. (2019). Forecasting accuracy influence on logistics clusters activities: The case of the food industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 240, 118225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118225
[48] Priyadarshi, R., Panigrahi, A., Routroy, S., & Garg, G. K. (2019). Demand forecasting at retail stage for selected vegetables: A performance analysis. Journal of Modelling in Management, 14(4), 1042–1063. https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-08-2018-0112
[49] Zhu, Q., Geng, Y., & Lai, K. (2010). Circular economy practices among Chinese manufacturers varying in environmental-oriented supply chain cooperation and the performance implications. Journal of Environmental Management, 91(6), 1324–1331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.01.021
[50] Winkler, H. (2011). Closed-loop production systems—A sustainable supply chain approach. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, 4(3), 243–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirpj.2011.05.004
[51] Geissdoerfer, M., Savaget, P., Bocken, N. M. P., & Hultink, E. J. (2017). The Circular Economy – A New Sustainability Paradigm? Journal of Cleaner Production, 143, 757–768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.073
[52] McDougall, N., Wagner, B., & MacBryde, J. (2022). Competitive Benefits & Incentivisation at Internal, Supply Chain & Societal Level Circular Operations in UK Agri-Food SMEs. Journal of Business Research, 144, 1149–1162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.01.039
[53] Annosi, M. C., Brunetta, F., Bimbo, F., & Kostoula, M. (2021). Digitalization Within Food Supply Chains to Prevent Food Waste: Drivers, Barriers and Collaboration Practices. Industrial Marketing Management, 93, 208–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2021.01.005
[54] Ciccullo, F., Cagliano, R., Bartezzaghi, G., & Perego, A. (2021). Implementing the Circular Economy Paradigm in the Agri-Food Supply Chain: The Role of Food Waste Prevention Technologies. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 164, 105114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105114
[55] Lavelli, V. (2021). Circular Food Supply Chains – Impact on Value Addition and Safety. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 114, 323–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.05.030
[56] Ada, N., Kazancoglu, Y., Sezer, M. D., Ede-Senturk, C., Ozer, I., & Ram, M. (2021). Analyzing Barriers of Circular Food Supply Chains and Proposing Industry 4.0 Solutions. Sustainability, 13(12), 6812. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126812
[57] Mehmood, A., Ahmed, S., Viza, E., Bogush, A., & Ayyub, R. M. (2021). Drivers and Barriers Towards Circular Economy in Agri-Food Supply Chain: A Review. Business Strategy & Development, 4(4), 465–481. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsd2.1070
[58] Pažek, K. (2021). Lean Manufacturing. Books on Demand.
[59] Ozkan-Ozen, Y. D., Kazancoglu, Y., & Mangla, S. K. (2020). Synchronized Barriers for Circular Supply Chains in Industry 3.5/Industry 4.0 Transition for Sustainable Resource Management. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 161, 104986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104986
[60] Govindan, K., & Hasanagic, M. (2018). A Systematic Review on Drivers, Barriers, and Practices Towards Circular Economy: A Supply Chain Perspective. International Journal of Production Research, 56(1–2), 278–311. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2017.1384327
[61] Chen, Y., & Chen, F. (2019). On the Competition Between Two Modes of Product Recovery: Remanufacturing and Refurbishing. Production and Operations Management, 28(12), 2983–3001. https://doi.org/10.1111/poms.13031
[62] Kazancoglu, Y., Kazancoglu, I., & Sagnak, M. (2018). A New Holistic Conceptual Framework for Green Supply Chain Management Performance Assessment Based on Circular Economy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 195, 1282–1299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.201
[63] Kuo, L., & Chang, B. G. (2021). The Affecting Factors of Circular Economy Information and its Impact on Corporate Economic Sustainability: Evidence from China. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 27, 986–997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2021.04.011
[64] Liu, Y., Wood, L. C., Venkatesh, V. G., Zhang, A., & Farooque, M. (2021). Barriers to Sustainable Food Consumption and Production in China: A Fuzzy DEMATEL Analysis from a Circular Economy Perspective. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 28, 1114–1129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2021.07.026
[65] Rincón-Moreno, J., Ormazábal, M., Álvarez, M. J., & Jaca, C. (2021). Advancing Circular Economy Performance Indicators and Their Application in Spanish Companies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279, 123605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.123605
[66] Gedam, V. V., Raut, R. D., Lopes de Sousa Jabbour, A. B., Tanksale, A. N., & Narkhede, B. E. (2021). Circular Economy Practices in a Developing Economy: Barriers to be Defeated. Journal of Cleaner Production, 311, 127670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127670
[67] Anastasiadis, F., Manikas, I., Apostolidou, I., & Wahbeh, S. (2022). The Role of Traceability in End-to-End Circular Agri-Food Supply Chains. Industrial Marketing Management, 104, 196–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2022.04.005
[68] Swan, M. (2015). Blockchain: Blueprint for a New Economy. O’Reilly Media.
[69] Rennock, M. J. W., Cohn, A., & Butcher, J. R. (2018). Blockchain Technology. The Journal, 1(7), 35–44.
[70] Zheng, Z., Xie, S., Dai, H., Chen, X., & Wang, H. (2017, June 25–30). An Overview of Blockchain Technology: Architecture, Consensus, and Future Trends. In 2017 IEEE International Congress on Big Data (pp. 557–564). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/BigDataCongress.2017.84
[71] Niranjanamurthy, M., Nithya, B. N., & Jagannatha, S. (2019). Analysis of Blockchain Technology: Pros, Cons and SWOT. Cluster Computing, 22(6), 14743–14757. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-018-0236-3
[72] Khacef, K., & Pujolle, G. (2019). Secure Peer-to-Peer Communication Based on Blockchain. In Web, Artificial Intelligence and Network Applications (pp. 662–672). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12035-3_64
[73] Ali, O., Jaradat, A., Kulakli, A., & Abuhalimeh, A. (2021). A Comparative Study: Blockchain Technology Utilization Benefits, Challenges and Functionalities. IEEE Access, 9, 12730–12749. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3044981
[74] Fanning, K., & Centers, D. P. (2016). Blockchain and Its Coming Impact on Financial Services. Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance, 27(5), 53–57. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22242
[75] Andoni, M., Robu, V., Flynn, V., Abram, S., Geach, D., Jenkins, D., et al. (2019). Blockchain Technology in the Energy Sector: A Systematic Review of Challenges and Opportunities. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 100, 143–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.10.019
[76] Baygin, N., Baygin, M., & Karakose, M. (2019, November 6–7). Blockchain Technology: Applications, Benefits and Challenges. In 2019 International Informatics and Software Engineering Conference (pp. 1–5). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/UBMYK48245.2019.8965572
[77] Dutta, P., Choi, T. M., Somani, S., & Butala, R. (2020). Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Operations: Applications, Challenges and Research Opportunities. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 142, 102067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2020.102067
[78] Saad, M., Spaulding, J., Njilla, L., Kamhoua, C., Traore, I., Nyang, D., & Mohaisen, A. (2020). Exploring the Attack Surface of Blockchain: A Comprehensive Survey. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 22(3), 1977–2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2020.2975759
[79] Mohanta, B. K., Panda, S. S., & Jena, D. (2018, July 10–12). An Overview of Smart Contract and Use Cases in Blockchain Technology. In 2018 International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (pp. 1–4). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCNT.2018.8494075
[80] Korpela, K., Hallikas, J., & Dahlberg, T. (2017, January 4–7). Digital Supply Chain Transformation Toward Blockchain Integration. In Proceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 4182–4191). https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2017.505
[81] Golosova, J., & Romanovs, A. (2018, November 8–10). The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Blockchain Technology. In 2018 IEEE Workshop on Advances in Information, Electronic and Electrical Engineering (pp. 1–6). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/AIEEE.2018.8605668
[82] Kshetri, N. (2019). Blockchain and the Economics of Food Safety. IT Professional, 21(3), 63–66. https://doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2019.2898647
[83] Singh, S., & Singh, N. (2016, December 14–17). Blockchain: Future of Financial and Cyber Security. In 2016 International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics (pp. 463–467). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IC3I.2016.7918727
[84] Chen, Y., & Bellavitis, C. (2020). Blockchain Disruption and Decentralized Finance: The Rise of Decentralized Business Models. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 13, e00151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2020.e00151
[85] Crosby, M., Pattanayak, P., Verma, S., & Kalyanaraman, V. (2016). Blockchain Technology: Beyond Bitcoin. Applied Innovation Review, 2, 6–19.
[86] Liu, L., Li, F., & Qi, E. (2019). Research on Risk Avoidance and Coordination of Supply Chain Subject Based on Blockchain Technology. Sustainability, 11(7), 2182. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11072182
[87] Etemadi, N., Borbon-Galvez, Y., Strozzi, F., & Etemadi, T. (2021). Supply Chain Disruption Risk Management with Blockchain: A Dynamic Literature Review. Information, 12(2), 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/info12020070
[88] Kurpjuweit, S., Schmidt, C. G., Klöckner, M., & Wagner, S. M. (2021). Blockchain in Additive Manufacturing and its Impact on Supply Chains. Journal of Business Logistics, 42(1), 46–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbl.12231
[89] Zelbst, P. J., Green, K. W., Sower, V. E., & Bond, P. L. (2020). The Impact of RFID, IIoT, and Blockchain Technologies on Supply Chain Transparency. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 31(3), 441–457. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-03-2019-0099
[90] Xu, P., Lee, J., Barth, J. R., & Richey, R. G. (2021). Blockchain as Supply Chain Technology: Considering Transparency and Security. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 51(3), 305–324. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPDLM-08-2020-0254
[91] Shi, N., Tan, L., Li, W., Qi, X., & Yu, K. (2021). A Blockchain-Empowered AAA Scheme in the Large-Scale HetNet. Digital Communications and Networks, 7(3), 308–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcan.2020.09.003
[92] Sheel, A., & Nath, V. (2019). Effect of Blockchain Technology Adoption on Supply Chain Adaptability, Agility, Alignment and Performance. Management Research Review, 42(12), 1353–1374. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-12-2018-0483
[93] Min, H. (2019). Blockchain Technology for Enhancing Supply Chain Resilience. Business Horizons, 62(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.09.002
[94] Sunny, J., Undralla, N., & Madhusudanan Pillai, V. (2020). Supply Chain Transparency Through Blockchain-Based Traceability: An Overview with Demonstration. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 150, 106895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2020.106895
[95] Saberi, S., Kouhizadeh, M., Sarkis, J., & Shen, L. (2019). Blockchain Technology and Its Relationships to Sustainable Supply Chain Management. International Journal of Production Research, 57(7), 2117–2135. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2018.1533261
[96] Chen, S., Liu, X., Yan, J., Hu, G., & Shi, Y. (2021). Processes, Benefits, and Challenges for Adoption of Blockchain Technologies in Food Supply Chains: A Thematic Analysis. Information Systems and E-Business Management, 19(3), 909–935. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-021-00512-y
[97] Meidute-Kavaliauskiene, I., Yıldız, B., Çiğdem, Ş., & Činčikaitė, R. (2021). An Integrated Impact of Blockchain on Supply Chain Applications. Logistics, 5(2), 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics5020033
[98] Moosavi, J., Naeni, L. M., Fathollahi-Fard, A. M., & Fiore, U. (2021). Blockchain in Supply Chain Management: A Review, Bibliometric, and Network Analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 43526–43544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14896-9
[99] Hastig, G. M., & Sodhi, M. S. (2020). Blockchain for Supply Chain Traceability: Business Requirements and Critical Success Factors. Production and Operations Management, 29(4), 935–954. https://doi.org/10.1111/poms.13147
[100] Kouhizadeh, M., & Sarkis, J. (2018). Blockchain Practices, Potentials, and Perspectives in Greening Supply Chains. Sustainability, 10(10), 3652. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103652
[101] Azzi, R., Chamoun, R. K., & Sokhn, M. (2019). The power of a blockchain-based supply chain. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 135, 582–592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2019.06.042
[102] Schmidt, C. G., & Wagner, S. M. (2019). Blockchain and supply chain relations: A transaction cost theory perspective. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 25(4), 100552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pursup.2019.100552
[103] Park, A., & Li, H. (2021). The effect of blockchain technology on supply chain sustainability performances. Sustainability, 13(4), 1726. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041726
[104] Tseng, J.-H., Liao, Y.-C., Chong, B., & Liao, S. (2018). Governance on the drug supply via Gcoin blockchain. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(6), 1055. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061055
[105] Kumar, R., & Tripathi, R. (2019, January 7–11). Traceability of counterfeit medicine supply chain through blockchain. In 2019 International Conference on Communication Systems & Networks (pp. 568–570). IEEE. https://doi.org/1109/COMSNETS.2019.8711266
[106] Ahmadi, V., Benjelloun, S., El Kik, M., Sharma, T., Chi, H., & Zhou, W. (2020, February 22–23). Drug governance: IoT-based blockchain implementation in the pharmaceutical supply chain. In 2020 International Conference on Mobile and Secure Services (pp. 1–8). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/MOBISEC49089.2020.9054243
[107] Jamil, F., Hang, L., Kim, K., & Kim, D. (2019). A novel medical blockchain model for drug supply chain integrity management in a smart hospital. Electronics, 8(5), 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8050505
[108] Abbas, K., Afaq, M., Khan, T. A., & Wang-Cheol, S. (2020). A blockchain and machine learning-based drug supply chain management and recommendation system for smart pharmaceutical industry. Electronics, 9(5), 852. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9050852
[109] Kamilaris, A., Fonts, A., & Prenafeta-Boldú, F. X. (2019). The rise of blockchain technology in agriculture and food supply chains. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 91, 640–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.034
[110] Salah, K., Nizamuddin, N., Jayaraman, R., & Omar, M. (2019). Blockchain-based soybean traceability in agricultural supply chain. IEEE Access, 7, 73295–73305. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2917695
[111] Zhang, X., Li, H., Wang, Y., & Liu, J. (2020). Blockchain-based safety management system for the grain supply chain. IEEE Access, 8, 36398–36410. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2975218
[112] Adamashvili, N., State, R., Tricase, C., & Fiore, M. (2021). Blockchain-based wine supply chain for the industry advancement. Sustainability, 13(23), 13070. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313070
[113] Casino, F., Dasaklis, T. K., & Patsakis, C. (2021). Blockchain-based food supply chain traceability: A case study in the dairy sector. International Journal of Production Research, 59(19), 5758–5770. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2020.1845892
[114] Di Vaio, A., & Varriale, L. (2020). Blockchain technology in supply chain management for sustainable performance. International Journal of Information Management, 52, 102014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102014
[115] Huang, L., Zhen, L., Wang, J., & Zhang, X. (2022). Blockchain implementation for circular supply chain management: Evaluating critical success factors. Industrial Marketing Management, 102, 451–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2022.06.007
[116] Centobelli, P., Cerchione, R., Vecchio, P. D., Oropallo, E., & Secundo, G. (2022). Blockchain technology for bridging trust, traceability and transparency in circular supply chain. Information & Management, 59, 103508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2022.103508
[117] Panahifar, F., Byrne, P. J., Salam, M. A., & Heavey, C. (2018). Supply chain collaboration and firm’s performance: The critical role of information sharing and trust. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 31(3), 358–379. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-08-2017-0173
[118] Xia, C., Li, Z., Wang, Z., & Perc, M. (2018). Doubly effects of information sharing on interdependent network reciprocity. New Journal of Physics, 20(7), 075005. https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aad1f8
[119] Trollman, H., Garcia-Garcia, G., Jagtap, S., & Trollman, F. (2022). Blockchain for ecologically embedded coffee supply chains. Logistics, 6(3), 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics6030043
[120] Alves, L., Cruz, E. F., Lopes, S. I., Faria, P. M., & da Cruz, A. M. R. (2022). Towards circular economy in the textiles and clothing value chain through blockchain technology and IoT: A review. Waste Management & Research, 40(1), 3–23. https://doi.org/1177/0734242X211056409
[121] Dorf, V., Jonsson, A., & Dalal, A. (2022). Exploration of blockchain technology in the Swedish textile recycling industry: Opportunities and challenges for traceability. University of Borås.
[122] Hader, M., Tchoffa, D., Mhamedi, A. E., Ghodous, P., Dolgui, A., & Abouabdellah, A. (2022). Applying integrated blockchain and big data technologies to improve supply chain traceability and information sharing in the textile sector. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 28, 100345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2022.100345
[123] Paul, T., Islam, N., Mondal, S., & Rakshit, S. (2022). RFID-integrated blockchain-driven circular supply chain management: A system architecture for B2B tea industry. Industrial Marketing Management, 101, 238–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2022.03.010
[124] Khan, F., & Ali, Y. (2022). Implementation of the circular supply chain management in the pharmaceutical industry. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 24, 10108–10136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01743-4
[125] Li, Q., & Wang, Y. (2021, December 6–8). Blockchain’s role in supporting circular supply chains in the built environment. In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (pp. 578–583). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/Blockchain53845.2021.00087
[126] Shojaei, A., Ketabi, R., Razkenari, M., Hakim, H., & Wang, J. (2021). Enabling a circular economy in the built environment sector through blockchain technology. Journal of Cleaner Production, 294, 126352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126352
[127] Wang, B., Luo, W., Zhang, A., Tian, Z., & Li, Z. (2020). Blockchain-enabled circular supply chain management: A system architecture for fast fashion. Computers in Industry, 123, 103324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2020.103324
[128] Hammarberg, K., Kirkman, M., & de Lacey, S. (2016). Qualitative research methods: When to use them and how to judge them. Human Reproduction, 31(3), 498–501. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev334
[129] Hennink, M., Hutter, I., & Bailey, A. (2020). Qualitative research methods. SAGE Publications.
[130] Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
[131] Tellis, W. (1997). Introduction to case study. The Qualitative Report, 3(2), 1–14.
[132] Yin, R. K. (2011). Applications of case research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
[133] Krusenvik, L. (2016). Using case studies as a scientific method. Halmstad University.
[134] Khan, K. S., Kunz, R., Kleijnen, J., & Antes, G. (2003). Five steps to conducting a systematic review. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 96(3), 118–121. https://doi.org/1258/jrsm.96.3.118
[135] Suri, H., & Clarke, D. (2009). Advancements in research synthesis methods: From a methodologically inclusive perspective. Review of Educational Research, 79(1), 395–430. https://doi.org/10.3102/003465430832958
[136] Bornmann, L., & Daniel, H. (2008). What do citation counts measure? A review of studies on citing behavior. Journal of Documentation, 64(1), 45–80. https://doi.org/10.1108/00220410810844150
[137] Xiao, Y., & Watson, M. (2019). Guidance on conducting a systematic literature review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(1), 93–112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X17723971
[138] Vartanian, T. P. (2010). Secondary data analysis. Oxford University Press.
[139] Gomez, B., & John, P., III. (2010). Research methods in geography: A critical introduction. John Wiley & Sons.
[140] Rother, E. T. (2007). Systematic literature review X narrative review. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, 20, v–vi.
[141] Information on: https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/23634
[142] Information on: https://corporate.walmart.com/about
[143] Information on: https://one.walmart.com/content/globaltechindia/en_in/Tech-insights/blog/Blockchain-in-the-food-supply-chain.html
[144] Information on: https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/publications/walmart-case-study
[145] Information on: https://www.europeanchamber.com.cn/en/members-news/3303/walmart_china_blockchain_traceability_platform
[146] Information on: https://medium.com/vechain-foundation/walmart-china-takes-on-food-safety-with-vechainthor-blockchain-technology-b1443e0e079c
[147] Information on: https://corporate.walmart.com/esgreport/environmental/waste-circular-economy
[148] Information on: https://corporate.walmart.com/esgreport/environmental/product-supply-chains-sustainability-overview
[149] Carpio-Aguilar, J. C., Rincón-Moreno, J., & Franco-García, M. L. (2019). Potential of carbon footprint reduction within retailers: Food waste at Walmart in Mexico. In Sustainable development goals and sustainable supply chains in the post-global economy (pp. 225–240). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20684-3_13
[150] Information on: https://www.nestle.com.sg/stories/the-circular-economy
[151] Information on: https://www.nestle.com/sites/default/files/asset-library/documents/library/documents/corporate_social_responsibility/nestle-commitment-reduce-food-loss-waste.pdf
[152] Information on: https://www.nestle.com/sustainability/waste-reduction/food-loss-waste
[153] Information on: https://www.nestle.com/sustainability/waste-reduction/packaging-strategy
[154] Information on: https://www.nestle.com/stories/nestle-collaboration-terracycle-packaging-waste-free-future
[155] Information on: https://www.nestle.com/stories/ten-tips-stop-food-waste
[156] Information on: https://www.nestle.com/media/pressreleases/allpressreleases/nestle-investment-closed-loop-leadership-fund
[157] Information on: https://www.nestle.com/media/news/nestle-new-plastics-economy-leadership-circular-economy-plastics
[158] Information on: https://www.nestle.com/media/news/nestle-halving-food-waste-through-consumer-goods-forum
[159] Information on: https://www.nestle.com/sites/default/files/2020-12/nestle-net-zero-roadmap-en.pdf
[160] Information on: https://www.nestle.com/sustainability/water/sustainable-water-efficiency-operations
[161] Information on: https://www.nestle.com/sustainability/nature-environment/regenerative-agriculture
[162] Information on: https://www.ledgerinsights.com/nestle-wwf-opensc-blockchain-sustainable-supply-chains-food-traceability/
[163] Information on: https://nestle-nespresso.com/news/new-levels-transparency-coffee-supply-chain
[164] Information on: https://www.dole.com/en/about-us
[165] Information on: https://www.eco-business.com/press-releases/dole-makes-moves-toward-zero-waste-goal-as-repurposed-pineapple-leaves-find-their-way-to-global-lifestyle-brands/
[166] Information on: https://dolesunshine.com/
[167] Information on: https://www.doleplc.com/sustainability/environmental-energy-water-waste
[168] Information on: https://dolesunshine.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Dole-Sunshine-for-All-Progress-Review-2020-Full-Report-1.pdf
[169] Information on: https://www.doleplc.com/sites/dole-food-company/files/dole/sustainability/reports/dole-sustainability-report.pdf
[170] Information on: https://www.sustainableshrimppartnership.org/3-years-in-3-words-challenge-innovation-trust/
[171] Information on: https://www.sustainableshrimppartnership.org/what-is-ssp/
[172] Information on: https://www.sustainableshrimppartnership.org/twenty-two-small-shrimp-farms-in-ecuador-prepared-to-obtain-asc-certification/
[173] Information on: https://www.ibm.com/case-studies/sustainable-shrimp-partnership/
[174] Information on: https://fishfocus.co.uk/sustainable-shrimp-partnership-marks-3-year-anniversary/
[175] Information on: https://sustainableshrimppartnership.org/ssp-criterions/
[176] Information on: https://www.seafoodsource.com/news/environment-sustainability/sustainable-shrimp-partnership-launches-blockchain-based-traceability-app
[177] Information on: https://www.sustainableshrimppartnership.org/more-seafood-products-sharing-their-journey-to-consumers-plate-with-blockchain-technology/
[178] Information on: https://www.sustainableshrimppartnership.org/scale-up-programme/
[179] Information on: https://www.sustainableshrimppartnership.org/sustainability-leadership-roundtable/
[180] Information on: https://www.cermaq.com/about-us
[181] Information on: https://www.cermaq.com/news/cermaq-cooperates-with-norwegian-start-up-kelp-producer
[182] Information on: https://www.sintef.no/contentassets/3c34a269a8a242f68197876fdee61295/presentations/17-marstrand-folla-alger-sig-seaweed-2019.pdf
[183] Information on: https://www.cermaq.com/sustainability/sea-the-solution/the-social-challenge/salmon-compost-and-seaweed
[184] Information on: https://www.cermaq.com/news/bendik-fyhn-terjesen-appointed-professor-ii-in-aquaculture-technology-at-nord-university-in-bodo
[185] Information on: https://www.cermaq.com/sustainability/sea-the-solution
[186] Information on: https://www.cermaq.com/sustainability/sea-the-solution/the-environmental-challenge/below-the-surface
[187] Information on: https://www.cermaq.com/sustainability/sea-the-solution/the-environmental-challenge/tackling-sea-lice
[188] Information on: https://www.cermaq.com/sustainability/sea-the-solution/the-climate-challenge/the-future-feed
[189] Information on: https://www.cermaq.com/sustainability/sea-the-solution/the-climate-challenge/producing-more-climate-friendly-protein
[190] Information on: https://www.cermaq.com/news/cermaq-contributes-to-traceability-with-blockchain
[191] Information on: https://mea.newsroom.ibm.com/2021-02-22-Majid-Al-Futtaim-Taps-IBM-Food-Trust-to-Deliver-Food-Traceability-Across-Carrefour-Stores-Using-Blockchain-Technology
[192] Information on: https://opensc.org/
[193] Schöggl, J.-P., Stumpf, L., & Baumgartner, R. J. (2020). The narrative of sustainability and circular economy – A longitudinal review of two decades of research. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 163, 105073. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105073
[194] Information on: https://fortune.com/2017/08/22/walmart-blockchain-ibm-food-nestle-unilever-tyson-dole/
[195] Eljazzar, M. M., Amr, M. A., Kassem, S. S., & Ezzat, M. (2019). Merging supply chain and blockchain technologies [Preprint]. arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.03572
[196] Haghighi, M. (2012). Evaluation of factors affecting customer loyalty in the restaurant industry. African Journal of Business Management, 6(14), 1. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM11.2344
[197] Aung, M. M., & Chang, Y. S. (2014). Traceability in a food supply chain: Safety and quality perspectives. Food Control, 39, 172–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.09.017
[198] Varsei, M., Soosay, C., Fahimnia, B., & Sarkis, J. (2014). Framing sustainability performance of supply chains with multidimensional indicators. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 19(3), 242–257. https://doi.org/10.1108/SCM-03-2013-0092
[199] Reich, A. A. (2012). Transportation efficiency. Strategic Planning for Energy and the Environment, 32(2), 32–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/10485236.2012.110502
[200] Farooque, M., Zhang, A., & Liu, Y. (2019). Barriers to circular food supply chains in China. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 24(5), 677–696. https://doi.org/10.1108/SCM-09-2018-0343
[201] Barrane, F. Z., Ndubisi, N. O., Kamble, S., Karuranga, G. E., & Poulin, D. (2021). Building trust in multi-stakeholder collaborations for new product development in the digital transformation era. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 28(1), 205–228. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-01-2020-0013
[202] Lee, D., Lee, S. H., Masoud, N., Krishnan, M. S., & Li, V. C. (2021). Integrated digital twin and blockchain framework to support accountable information sharing in construction projects. Automation in Construction, 127, 103688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2021.103688
[203] Faturahman, A., Agarwal, V., & Lukita, C. (2021). Blockchain technology – The use of cryptocurrencies in digital revolution. Blockchain Technology, 3(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.33098/bt.3.1.7
[204] Casado-Vara, R., Prieto, J., de la Prieta, F., & Corchado, J. M. (2018). How blockchain improves the supply chain: Case study alimentary supply chain. Procedia Computer Science, 134, 393–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.06.046
[205] Information on: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2018.00052
[206] González-Sánchez, R., Settembre-Blundo, D., Ferrari, A. M., & García-Muiña, F. E. (2020). Main dimensions in the building of the circular supply chain: A literature review. Sustainability, 12(6), 2458. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062458
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
